Posts Tagged ‘paleo diet’

Talking With Dr. Matt Hersom About Southern Cattle

Monday, January 4th, 2010

Dr. Hersom has experienced the difference between Northern and Southern cattle first hand. He grew up in Iowa and attended Iowa State University before earning his doctorate at Oklahoma State. He got to know Midwestern cattle and their nutritional requirements eye-to-eye, you might say.

His career path headed in a Southeasterly direction, though, taking him to the University of Florida where he’s an assistant professor and Extension Beef Cattle Specialist doing research in the nutritional requirements of Southern cattle. And there is a difference, he noted, especially when it comes to forage.

 “Southern grasses are much different than the legumes and grasses that grow on the Great Plains,” he said. “We’ve got tropical and subtropical grasses here that stop growing when the temperature drops below 60 degrees. Our warm season forages don’t tolerate cold weather and forage quality drops off quickly. We have lower quality grasses with less degradable protein. We need to understand the strategies required to supply proper nutrition, especially for rumen health.”

Talking about supplemental protein resources, he said, “We’re starting to look at DDG’s for the first time. We haven’t done much research because distillers grains weren’t generally available in Florida but we have a new ethanol plant in south Georgia, now, so we need to do some research on how DDG’s effect our feeding strategies.

Dr. Hersom pointed out an advantage enjoyed by Southern cattle feeders; access to other protein resources that give them more flexibility in building an adequate ration. “We can use whole cottonseed and wet brewer’s grains which makes our rations unique,” he said.

Hersom is finishing a study on including soy bean meal as part of the cattle ration. “With soy bean meal, we had good weight gains with heifers. We followed it up with two years of feeding without a soy additive and couldn’t get the gains we wanted. Right now, we’re trying to identify the optimum level. We’re trying to find out how much we need to include with DDG’s but we’re just 56 days into those trials.”

 “The feeding phase should be concluded in late spring next year. We’ll have the data ready mid-summer and take it through peer review. We plan to make our findings available in 2011.”

Hersom is concerned about ‘nutrient synchronization’ which he defines as the balance of nutrients within the rumen to optimize feed utilization and improve animal performance.

Simply put, synchronized cattle nutrition increases ruminal metabolism which causes an increase in intake and digestibility. Your herd benefits by an increase in nutrient extraction. In laymen’s terms, it means they get more out of their feed.

It’s a concept that’s not familiar to many cattle feeders but understanding it can mean the difference between profit and loss. With the recent increases in feed component costs, extracting more nutrients per pound of feed is an attractive concept. Corn prices have been particularly volatile, for instance, creating some serious losses recently. The price of feeder hay has almost doubled in the last half decade and its availability has been spotty.

It might have been a back hand suggestion at a method of reducing those ballyhooed green house gasses emitted by bovines worldwide when Dr. Hersom was quoted this way: “In optimizing the use of the feed going into our cattle, we can minimize the outputs that come out of the back end of the animal.”

In fewer words, Hersom was saying better rumen health can mean fewer methane emissions and less solid waste. “The more efficiently our cattle use their nutrients, the less impact they will have on the environment.”

It seems like a concept that will delight cattlemen everywhere – better use of feed means lower feed bills without losing weight or quality – and please the environmentalists, too.

Source: www.cattlenetwork.com

www.PerryFarmsGrassFedBeef.com

Calf Health: Wet Weather Affecting Fall-Born Calves

Thursday, October 22nd, 2009

LITTLE ROCK – The prolonged wet weather is causing calf scours to become a problem in fall-born calves, according to the University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture. Scours is a broad, descriptive term referring to diarrhea. It’s not a specific disease with a specific cause, but rather a clinical sign of a disease complex with many possible causes.

“Scours occur when normal movement of water into and out of the digestive tract is disrupted, resulting in water loss and dehydration,” said Dr. Tom Troxel, animal science professor for the division. “Loss of body fluids through diarrhea is accompanied by loss of body salts. This fluid and electrolyte loss produces a change in body chemistry that can lead to severe depression in the calf and eventual death.” Troxel said rehydration therapy of scouring calves with water and supplemental electrolytes can help alleviate effects of dehydration and help restore a normal electrolyte balance.

Noninfectious scours are usually caused by changes to the feeding program. While usually not severe enough to cause death, non-infection scours can weaken the calf and make it more susceptible to infectious scours.

Troxel said infectious scours are the biggest problem and are caused primarily by viruses, bacteria and protozoa. Identifying the infectious agent causing scours is an important part of developing a sound prevention program.

Dr. Jeremy Powell, associate animal science professor with the Division, said treatment will vary depending on the cause of the disease, but there is a basic four-step approach that can be followed. When treating calf scours, it’s important to first correct any fluid deficit that exist. Once dehydration status is estimated, oral or intravenous fluids may be used to correct this.

When oral fluids are administered, electrolyte powders can be added in order to correct imbalances. Since young animals have little energy reserves, it is important to replace energy stores with oral or IV fluids containing glucose or dextrose supplements. These supplements help replace electrolytes such as potassium, sodium and chloride that are lost due to diarrhea.

A broad spectrum antibiotic should be used in any type of infection. Antibiotics only work against bacteria, but if you have a viral infection antibiotics will prevent a secondary bacterial infection from occurring. In the case of coccidiosis, a sulfa-antibiotic (sulfaquinoxaline, sulfamethazine) or Amprolium should be used because they are effective against these parasites. It’s important to consult with a veterinarian, as he or she will know what diseases may be prevalent in the area. This allows you to be more effective at preventing or treating calf scours in the herd

Colostrum plays a vital role in the newborn’s immune status during the first few months of its life. Colostrum is made up of essential nutrients for the newborn calf including energy, protein, and antibodies. If the calf fails to receive the proper amount of colostrum, it will be more susceptible to the pathogens such as calf scours. In order to insure the calf receives defensive antibodies against calf scours from colostrum, the cow should be vaccinated well ahead of calving. To optimize a high level of antibodies against calf scours in the cow’s colostrum, she should be vaccinated about six weeks prior to calving. If a scours vaccine has never been used in a herd, then a booster dose may be required.

Source: http://www.cattlenetwork.com

www.PerryFarmsGrassFedBeef.com

CBOT Corn Review: Higher; Late Surge On Dollar, Fund Buys

Thursday, October 22nd, 2009

CHICAGO (Dow Jones)–Chicago Board of Trade corn futures ended higher after a late surge fueled by fund-buying, traders said, and the market had a bullish close above $4.

December corn ended up 5 1/4 cents to $4.03 1/2 per bushel and March corn ended up 4 3/4 cents to $4.14 3/4.

The market has been taking its cue from the dollar recently, and Thursday was no different, said Vic Lespinasse, analyst with grainanalyst.com. He said a weaker dollar late in the day helped fuel gains, as did weather forecasts that were wetter for parts of the corn belt.

After some progress in the first half of this week, farmers are likely being sidelined and could continue to be sidelined through next week because of rain. The late harvest is raising concerns about the quality of the crop, if not the yield.

Bears point out that even with the harvest delays, a very large crop approaching 13 billion bushels is expected this year.

The market had traded both sides for most of the day. A trader said the late gains were merely funds “dressing up the close,” and that the fundamentals don’t warrant $4 corn prices. Thursday was the first day nearby corn prices settled above $4 since June.

Funds bought an estimated 7,000 contracts Thursday. Traders said regardless of fundamentals, the market could continue to climb as long as the dollar remains weak and fund money pours into commodities.

The rally is certainly not being led by demand, traders and analysts said. The U.S. Department of Agriculture reported “horrible” weekly net export sales, said Jason Britt, president of Central State Commodities. The weekly total was under 250,000 metric tons, well below last week’s total and trade expectations.

“You have to say ‘wait a second, we still have to sell $4 corn,’” Britt said.

Analysts add that higher corn prices are also bad news for livestock producers. Ethanol demand remains strong due to strong margins, however.

CBOT oats ended higher. December oats ended up 1 1/4 cents to $2.64 1/4 per bushel and March oats ended up 1 1/2 cents to $2.77 1/4.

Ethanol futures were mixed. November ethanol ended up $0.007 to $1.988 per gallon and December ethanol ended down $0.002 to $1.920.

Source: http://www.cattlenetwork.com

www.PerryFarmsGrassFedBeef.com